Research Article
Endoscopic and Clinicopathological Patterns of Upper Gastrointestinal Conditions with Endoscopic Examinations at Bugando Medical Centre Mwanza Tanzania
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 2, April 2025
Pages:
34-42
Received:
23 February 2025
Accepted:
4 March 2025
Published:
18 March 2025
Abstract: Background: Upper Gastrointestinal endoscopy is a safe procedure, and widely available technique for investigation of upper GI conditions. The demand for the investigation continues resulting in an increase number of endoscopic procedures. This observation little information is available in BMC regarding the profile of patients attending for endoscopic examination. The study aim to determine the endoscopic and clinicopathological patterns of upper GI tract conditions and establish agreement between biopsied endoscopic findings and histopathological findings of upper GI tract conditions among patients attending BMC. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study involving patients with upper gastrointestinal tract conditions receiving endoscopic examination with or without biopsy at BMC between January and May 2020. Recruitment of patient based on serial technique and endoscopic examination done under short sedation. Biopsy were taken on the same sit in eligible patient and preserved in 10% formalin for further histology evaluation. Results: Total of 150 participants were included in the study,139 (92.7%) were attended from outpatient clinics and 11 (7.3%) from inpatients. The median age was 50[IQR 34-65] years. Dyspepsia was the leading clinical presentation 87 (58.0%). In the study population, 141 (94.0%) had abnormal endoscopic findings. Gastritis was the leading finding in both endoscopic and histopathological finding with 41(29.1%) and 36(32.1%). Among patients with abnormal histopathological findings, 23 were esophageal malignancies, 10 gastric malignancies, and 1 duodenal malignancy. The Kappa value 0.778 considered a substantial agreement between endoscopic findings and histopathological findings where K value interpreted as <0.4 as fair, 0.4 to 0.6 as moderate, 0.6 to 0.8 substantial and >0.8 near perfect. Conclusion: Dyspepsia was the commonest clinical presentation among the study participants while gastritis was the leading finding on both endoscopic and histopathological results, followed by esophageal and gastric malignancy. There is substantial agreement between endoscopic and histopathological findings; therefore endoscopy is incomplete without biopsy and histopathology as the gold standard for the diagnosis of upper gastrointestinal conditions.
Abstract: Background: Upper Gastrointestinal endoscopy is a safe procedure, and widely available technique for investigation of upper GI conditions. The demand for the investigation continues resulting in an increase number of endoscopic procedures. This observation little information is available in BMC regarding the profile of patients attending for endosc...
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Research Article
Revised Manuscript: Examining the Influence of Patient Performance, Quality, and Conviction on Health Protocols and Medical Regulations in Somali Public Hospitals
Abdulrazaq Yusuf Ahmed Demartino*
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 2, April 2025
Pages:
43-51
Received:
20 April 2025
Accepted:
4 May 2025
Published:
6 June 2025
Abstract: Effective management and leadership are vital to the resilience and operational effectiveness of public hospitals, particularly in fragile and resource-limited settings such as Somalia. This study explores how patient performance, healthcare quality, and healthcare professionals’ conviction impact the implementation of health protocols and regulations. These three factors interact dynamically, influencing hospital management and regulatory adherence. The research examines the complex interplay between three pivotal factors—patient performance (including engagement, health literacy, and participation), quality of care, and the professional conviction of healthcare workers—and their collective influence on the successful implementation of health protocols and medical regulations. Moving beyond traditional models, the analysis incorporates innovative, contextually grounded strategies designed to enhance patient outcomes, regulatory compliance, and institutional performance. Drawing on established healthcare management principles and informed by a comprehensive review of literature and contextual evidence from the Somali healthcare system, the study identifies key leverage points for strengthening leadership and management practices. Specific attention is given to culturally responsive communication, the strategic use of community health workers, digital health interventions, and participatory approaches that cultivate a sense of ownership and motivation among healthcare professionals. The findings underscore the importance of integrating patient-centered approaches and continuous professional development into the broader regulatory and management frameworks of public hospitals. Furthermore, the paper discusses specific strategies that can enhance patient outcomes, operational efficiency, and regulatory compliance. Furthermore, it highlights the significance of health literacy and patient engagement in improving health outcomes, the quality of care, and professional motivation among healthcare workers. It also suggests a comprehensive approach that integrates cultural sensitivity and innovative solutions like telemedicine to address challenges in resource-limited settings. The study offers practical insights for enhancing healthcare delivery in Somalia and strengthening the leadership framework within the healthcare system. The conclusions call for further implementation research to evaluate the long-term impact of these strategies and emphasize the role of inclusive leadership in fostering a resilient and high-performing public healthcare system capable of withstanding future challenges.
Abstract: Effective management and leadership are vital to the resilience and operational effectiveness of public hospitals, particularly in fragile and resource-limited settings such as Somalia. This study explores how patient performance, healthcare quality, and healthcare professionals’ conviction impact the implementation of health protocols and regulati...
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